Pipeline Engineering

A: Sending a pig into a line with unverified low points risks it stalling, blocking production and forcing an unplanned line cut. The alternating slope arrows usually flag local gradients, not a guaranteed continuous fall, so assuming piggability is unsafe. Recognizing this early forces either a field walkdown or conservative operating limits that avoid a stuck pig on day one.

A: Over‑pressuring or pegging an unknown gauge can give false confidence or shatter the bourdon tube, ending the test and delaying handover. Verifying range and calibration before applying pressure ensures readable accuracy and avoids instrument failure while meeting hydrotest code intent.

A: Misdiagnosing this leads to unnecessary corrosion mitigation while DP keeps climbing and throughput suffers. Restarting a waxy crude line near WAT strips heat, promotes deposition, and raises friction along the full length, matching the observed behavior better than localized fouling or corrosion.

A: Ignoring this leads to deep pits and sudden leaks rather than predictable wall loss. In wet saline soils with coating holidays, MIC thrives under disbonded areas, creating localized attack that CP may not fully mitigate, unlike uniform corrosion mechanisms.