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Power System Protection

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943 min

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Electrical Engineering

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Why enroll

Participants join this course to clearly understand how power systems are protected and kept safe in real life, not just in textbooks. The course explains concepts in a simple and practical way, showing how protection schemes actually work in Indian power networks. Students learn the basics of protection, modern relays, and how different parts of the system work together during faults. This knowledge is very useful for careers in power utilities, transmission and distribution companies, power plants, EPC companies, and grid operation jobs. The course also helps students preparing for GATE, higher studies, and research. Overall, it prepares learners with practical, job-oriented skills to handle today’s challenges such as complex grids, renewable energy integration, and reliable power supply.

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Engineer

Learn Without Limits: Free Engineering Courses

5+ yrs experience·India

Is this course for you?

You should take this if

You work in Automotive
You're a Electrical Engineering professional
You have 3+ years of hands-on experience in this field
You want to build skills in Project Management, Research & Developmnet

You should skip if

You're new to this field with no prior experience
You need a different specialisation outside Electrical Engineering
You need live interaction with an instructor

Course details

Power System Protection is a core course in the B.Tech Electrical Engineering curriculum at most state engineering colleges and NITs, while at IITs it is typically offered as part of the Power Systems stream and as an elective at the undergraduate level. The subject is also a common and essential component of almost all M.Tech programs in Power Systems across India. The M.Tech Power Systems curriculum is largely uniform among the older IITs, NITs, and state colleges, which collectively develop the human resources required for the country’s electric power supply industry. This course covers up-to-date technologies in power system protection, with strong emphasis on current practices followed in Indian power systems, and highlights the emerging challenges faced in this domain.

Source:
NPTEL – IIT Kharagpur

Course suitable for

Key topics covered

Introduction to power system protection – purpose, need, and role of protection in reliable power system operation
Types of faults and their effects – classification of faults and impact on currents, voltages, and stability
Protection components & zones – relays, CTs, VTs, circuit breakers, and zone-wise protection concept
Review of fault analysis – use of symmetrical components for unbalanced fault calculations
Basics of numerical relays – evolution from electromechanical to digital relaying and advantages
Phasor estimation techniques – DFT, half-cycle DFT, recursive methods, and cosine filters
Accuracy issues in measurements – effects of noise, frequency deviation, and decaying DC offset
Overcurrent relay principles – pickup current, time–current characteristics, and relay coordination
Directional overcurrent protection – need, operating logic, and application in interconnected systems
Power swing phenomena – understanding power swings and methods to distinguish them from faults

Course content

The course is readily available, allowing learners to start and complete it at their own pace.

30 lectures15 hr 43 min

Power System Protection
7 min
Faults in Power System
23 min
Elements and Features of Protection Scheme
31 min
Fault Analysis Review - Sequence Components
33 min
Fault Analysis Review - Sequence Components (Cont'd)
35 min
Numerical Relaying Concept
31 min
Discrete Fourier Transform
33 min
Recursive and Half Cycle DFT and Cosine Filter
38 min
Least Square Technique
37 min
Frequency Response of Phasor Estimation techniques
20 min
In the Presence of Decaying DC
23 min
Overcurrent Relay Characteristics
37 min
Overcurrent Relay Coordination
47 min
Relay Coordination with Fuse
23 min
Laboratory Experiment on Overcurrent Relay
15 min
Introduction to Directional Relaying
40 min
Positive Sequence Directional Relay
27 min
Negative and Zero Sequence Directional Relay
33 min
Superimposed Component Based Directional Relaying
24 min
Laboratory Experiment on Directional Relay
14 min
Introduction to Distance Relay
47 min
Fault Classification
46 min
Apparent Impedance Calculation
38 min
Distance Relay Implementation
42 min
Application to Double Circuit Line
38 min
Multi-terminal Lines
35 min
Protection of series compensated lines-part-I
39 min
Protection of series compensated lines part-II
40 min
Effect of Fault Resistance
26 min
Load Encroachment
21 min

Opportunities that await you!

Skills & tools you'll gain

Project Management

Research & Developmnet

Engineering & Design

Career opportunities

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Questions and Answers

Q: You're signing off a derogation on an HV battery pack where the customer insists on a single main contactor without a redundant pre-charge path. While reviewing test logs, someone asks: "what happens when HV contactor welds closed during crash event power system protection" — what's the physical consequence that this safeguard does NOT prevent?

A: That's the most common mistake — confusing command authority with physical separation. A welded contactor ignores the crash signal entirely, so the HV bus stays live and whatever arc energy the DC link can deliver is now only bounded by fuse clearing time, not by a deliberate open circuit.

Q: During DFMEA, you're asked to sanity-check fuse coordination and you google "estimate DC short circuit current HV battery protection". Given a 400 V nominal pack, 5 mΩ internal resistance, and 1 mΩ bus resistance, what order of magnitude fault current should protection be sized against?

A: That's the most common mistake — dragging in capacity or temperature before doing Ohm's law. At t≈0, 400 V across 6 mΩ lands you in the single‑digit kiloamp range, and that's the number your fuse I²t has to survive long enough to clear.

Q: You're on a launch call when thermal testing shows nuisance trips. Someone searches "why does differential protection trip during motor inrush". If motor inrush current increases but the system is otherwise healthy, what happens downstream and what's the correct response?

A: That's the most common mistake — assuming the relay is wrong instead of the measurement. Inrush drives CTs into saturation, the math looks like a fault, and the fix lives in restraint logic, not in blunting the whole protection scheme.

Q: You're doing a pre-SAT on a traction inverter and pull up "HV interlock loop field verification steps". With rev 4 drawings of questionable pedigree, what sequence actually proves the interlock protects against unintended energization?

A: That's the most common mistake — jumping straight to a live test. You first prove the loop is fail-safe cold, then you confirm the control response, and only after that do you challenge the enable; otherwise you haven't isolated cause from effect.