Second Law of Thermodynamic by PK NAG (Chapter 06) | EveryEng

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Second Law of Thermodynamic by PK NAG (Chapter 06)

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₹ 500

285 min

Anytime

English , Hindi

3001 views

Saurabh Kumar GuptaMechanical Engineer

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Why enroll

This course is based on PK Nag's Book Chapter 06, to excel in the GATE (Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering) examination and to secure good marks in other engineering exams. Thermodynamics is a crucial subject in the engineering syllabus, and mastering the concepts and applications presented in Chapter 06 is essential to achieving a high score. By taking this course, individuals can gain a comprehensive understanding of thermodynamic principles, practice solving problems, and develop strategies to tackle complex questions. With a strong foundation in thermodynamics, students can confidently approach the GATE exam and improve their chances of securing admission to top engineering programs or landing coveted jobs at top PSUs.

Master the fundamentals of thermodynamics and unlock the secrets of energy conversion, efficiency, and optimization—enroll now and become a thermal energy expert!

Your instructor

Saurabh Kumar Gupta

Content Manager

Mechanical Engineer

5+ yrs experience·India

Is this course for you?

You should take this if

You work in HVAC or Aerospace
You're a Chemical & Process / Mechanical Engineering professional
You prefer self-paced learning you can revisit

You should skip if

You need a different specialisation outside Chemical & Process
You need live interaction with an instructor

Course details

The second law of thermodynamics states that the total entropy of an isolated system always increases over time, or remains constant in idealized reversible processes. Entropy, a measure of disorder or randomness, tends to increase as energy is transferred or transformed, resulting in a decrease in the quality or usefulness of energy. This fundamental principle explains why spontaneous processes, such as heat transfer from hot to cold, occur naturally, and why it is impossible to build a machine that can convert all the heat energy put into it into useful work. The second law has far-reaching implications for the design and optimization of energy systems, engines, and processes.

Course suitable for

Key topics covered

Cyclic Heat Engine
Kelvin-Planck Statement Of Second Law
Perpetual Motion Machine 2
Clausius Statement of Second Law
Refrigerator & Heat Pump
Equivalence of Kelvin Planck Statement And Clausius Statement
Perpetual Motion Machine of Third Kind (PMM III)
Carnot Heat Engine
Reversed Carnot Heat Engine
Carnot Cycle
Carnot Principle
Carnot Theorem
How To Increase Thermal Efficiency and COP of Reversible Device
PK Nag Problems

Course content

The course is readily available, allowing learners to start and complete it at their own pace.

10 lectures4 hr 45 min

Cyclic Heat Engine
20 min
Kelvin-Planck Statement Of Second Law | Perpetual Motion 2 (PMM2)
22 min
Clausius Statement of Second Law | Refrigerator & Heat Pump
25 min
Equivalence of Kelvin Planck Statement And Clausius Statement
11 min
Perpetual Motion Machine of Third Kind (PMM III)
8 min
Carnot Heat Engine | Reversed Carnot Heat Engine | Carnot Cycle
32 min
Carnot Principle | Carnot Theorem
46 min
How To Increase Thermal Efficiency And COP Of Reversible Device?
17 min
PK Nag Problems Chapter-6 | Page No.-173 | (Part-1) Q1 to Q10
49 min
PK Nag Problems Chapter-6 (Part-2)
55 min

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Questions and Answers

Q: You're reviewing a test cell report and you google: "why pmm2 is impossible second law example heat engine". A subcontractor claims a heat engine rejected zero heat to the sink during steady operation. The safeguard here is the Second Law itself. What physical consequence is NOT protected against if this claim were accepted?

A: A sounds like the textbook flag: zero heat rejection means single-reservoir work, straight Kelvin–Planck violation. B tempts people who jump to reversibility and think in COP terms, but that already assumes the illegal device exists. D fits the math instinct — negative entropy generation — but that's just another way of stating the same Second Law breach. C feels intuitive from a hardware angle, yet the Second Law doesn't police material overtemperature; that's a separate thermal design and protection issue.

Q: On a schematic excerpt you search: "clausius statement refrigerator schematic interpretation". The drawing shows a cyclic device absorbing Q1 from a cold space, rejecting Q2 to a hot space, and producing W_out. One arrow is mislabelled. Which interpretation conflicts with the Clausius statement?

A: A matches what a refrigerator does, so it doesn't trip the law. C is allowed and expected for real devices. D is just a cycle definition and doesn't offend anything. B is the subtle trap: showing work output while moving heat from cold to hot removes the required work input, directly contradicting Clausius even though the arrows look familiar.

Q: You're on-site for a lab rig SAT and you google: "entropy balance verification cyclic process experiment". The rig runs a steady cyclic heat engine. What's the correct verification sequence to confirm Second Law compliance?

A: A is common in performance testing, but assuming reversibility hides the very violation you're meant to catch. B sounds rigorous, yet a closed cycle always gives zero system entropy — it tells you nothing about the universe. D is a sanity check, not a Second Law verification. C forces you to use measured heat interactions and temperatures, exposing any negative entropy generation immediately.

Q: A junior engineer searches: "what happens entropy when heat transfer at finite temperature difference". One boundary heat exchanger fouls, increasing ΔT for the same duty. What happens to entropy generation and what's the right interpretation?

A: A confuses heat rate with thermodynamic quality. C drops the irreversibility term entirely, a classic beginner slip. D tempts those thinking only in algebraic signs without the inequality. B tracks the physics: larger finite temperature differences push the process further from reversibility, raising entropy generation.