After completing the course, participants will be able to:

1. Explain PXRD Principles:

   • Demonstrate a clear understanding of X-ray diffraction theory and its relevance to material characterization.

2. Operate PXRD Instruments:

   • Confidently handle and operate powder X-ray diffractometers, including sample loading and parameter selection.

3. Analyze Crystalline Materials:

   • Interpret diffraction patterns to identify crystalline phases and calculate structural parameters like interplanar spacing (d) and lattice constants.

4. Solve Practical Problems:

   • Use PXRD to address research problems, such as phase identification, crystallinity evaluation, and texture analysis.

5. Utilize Computational Tools:

   • Employ software for indexing PXRD patterns, refining structures (e.g., Rietveld refinement), and generating reports.

6. Understand Applications:

   • Apply PXRD knowledge to real-world scenarios in materials science, chemistry, geology, and nanotechnology.

7. Develop Research Insights:

   • Evaluate material properties and transformations using PXRD as a primary characterization technique.