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A: Governing principle: ISO 26262 is about risk reduction in the realized item, not numerical compliance. Applied here, an RPN exceedance means the item risk is not tolerable yet; paper fixes or temporary controls don't change the as-built safety case. Distractor A traps teams who treat RPN as a gate metric rather than evidence of residual risk.

A: Governing principle: Instrumented safeguards only act on the variable they sense and the volume they see. In this case, a plugged impulse line blinds the PT to process pressure but doesn't influence mechanical integrity upstream of its tap. Distractor A catches engineers who conflate control failure with primary containment failure.

A: Governing principle: ISA symbology conveys signal type and function, not procurement detail. Here, the dashed line flags signal classification, and only loop diagrams or datasheets resolve physical wiring. Distractor A appeals to those who’ve seen wireless projects and overgeneralize the symbol.

A: Governing principle: For low-demand functions, average probability considers accumulation between proof tests. Here, PFH is approximated by λDU/2 over the interval, not the instantaneous rate. Distractor B snares engineers who remember the halving concept but miss the unit handling.