Process Design Engineering

A: The tipping point is vapor pressure sensitivity. A 10–20 °C increase near the bubble point can double vapor pressure, which directly shifts required relieving mass flow. Blocked outlet is not a fire case, so fire heat flux assumptions don't apply, and metal design temperature isn't the fluid temperature.

A: The boundary is functional safety traceability. A SIL-rated sensor must be consistently identified across P&ID, index, and SRS. With hours to startup, you don't reinterpret SIL intent; you stop and correct the drawing to avoid operating an unverified safety function.

A: The hard number is velocity after losses. With 5 m head, ideal velocity is ~10 m/s, but fittings, entrance, and partially full flow knock it down to ~1–2 m/s. In a 2-inch line, that lands near 0.15 m³/min, so 10 m³ needs over an hour.

A: The threshold is wet H2S presence with stress. At these pressures and moderate temperature, hydrogen charging leads to SSC in susceptible carbon steels. CO2 corrosion explains thinning, not cracking, and HTHA needs much higher temperature.