Evolution of Air Interface towards 5G

Evolution of Air Interface towards 5G

Evolution of Wireless Communication

• Growth from basic voice services to high-speed data

• Increasing user demand and new applications

Evolution of Wireless Communication Standards from 2G to 5G (Part-I)

• Introduction to 2G systems

• Digital voice and basic data services

Evolution of Wireless Communication Standards from 2G to 5G (Part-II)

• Transition to 3G

• Packet data and multimedia services

Evolution of Wireless Communication Standards from 2G to 5G (Part-III)

• Emergence of 4G LTE

• High-speed data and IP-based networks

Evolution of Wireless Communication Standards from 2G to 5G (Part-IV)

• Limitations of 4G

• Motivation for 5G development

Requirements and Operating Scenarios of 5G

• High data rate

• Low latency

• Massive connectivity

Requirements and Operating Scenarios of 5G (Contd.)

• Support for diverse applications

• Flexible and scalable network design

5G Scenarios

• Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB)

• Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC)

• Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC)

Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC)

• Mission-critical applications

• Industrial automation

• Autonomous vehicles

Designing 5G New Radio (NR)

• Flexible numerology

• Scalable frame structure

• Support for multiple frequency bands

Fundamental Framework for Waveform Analysis

• Time and frequency domain concepts

• Performance metrics

Fundamental Framework for Waveform Analysis (Contd.)

• Spectral efficiency

• Interference and robustness

Waveforms in 3G

• CDMA-based transmission

• Spread spectrum techniques

Waveforms in 3G (Contd.)

• Power control

• Multiple access schemes

Waveform Design Aspects of 2G

• Narrowband transmission

• Emphasis on voice quality

Waveforms in 4G and 5G (OFDM)

• Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

• High spectral efficiency

Waveforms in 4G and 5G (OFDM) (Contd.)

• Resistance to multipath fading

• Simple equalization

Waveforms in 4G and 5G (OFDM) (Contd.)

• Cyclic prefix

• Subcarrier spacing

Waveforms in 4G and 5G (OFDMA)

• Multi-user access

• Resource block allocation

Waveforms in 4G and 5G (OFDMA, SC-FDMA, SC-FDE)

• Comparison of uplink and downlink schemes

• Power efficiency considerations

Waveforms in 4G and 5G (SC-FDMA) (Contd.)

• Lower PAPR

• Uplink advantages

Waveform in 5G

• Flexible waveform design

• Support for diverse use cases

Waveform in 5G – Numerology

• Variable subcarrier spacing

• Adaptation to different frequency bands

Frame Structure in 5G NR

• Flexible slot duration

• Support for low latency and high reliability