Solar photovoltaic (PV) devices are characterized by several essential parameters that determine their performance, efficiency, and suitability for various applications. Key characteristics include conversion efficiency, which measures the percentage of incident solar energy converted into electrical energy; open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current (Isc), which influence the device's power output; maximum power point (MPP), which optimizes energy harvesting; fill factor (FF), which indicates the device's ability to produce power; and spectral response, which affects the device's sensitivity to different wavelengths of light. Additionally, PV devices are evaluated based on their stability, durability, and reliability over time, as well as their temperature coefficient, which impacts performance under varying environmental conditions. Understanding these essential characteristics is crucial for designing, optimizing, and selecting solar PV devices for specific applications, ensuring maximum energy yield, efficiency, and return on investment. By evaluating these parameters, developers and users can optimize PV system performance, predict energy output, and make informed decisions about system design and deployment.

Source: Youtube Channel NPTEL