NDT ( PT ) Level II

1. Introduction to Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) and Penetrant Testing (PT):

- Overview of NDT methods

- Importance of PT in detecting surface defects

- Differences between NDT techniques and other testing methods

2. Basic Principles of Penetrant Testing (PT):

- Physical principles of capillary action

- Types of penetrants (fluorescent vs. visible)

- Properties of penetrants (penetration, wetting, and spreading)

- Role of developers in PT

- Key terminology (e.g., surface-breaking defects, indication, false indication)

3. Penetrant Testing Materials:

- Penetrants: Types, formulations, and applications

- Developers: Types (dry vs. wet), functions, and selection criteria

- Post-emulsifiable vs. solvent-removable penetrants

4. Surface Preparation:

- Importance of surface cleanliness

- Methods for cleaning surfaces before testing (e.g., abrasive cleaning, solvent cleaning)

- Effects of contamination on test results

5. Application of Penetrant Testing:

- Techniques for applying penetrants (spray, immersion, wipe-on)

- Methods for removing excess penetrant

- Development and inspection of indications

- Process for inspection in different environments (e.g., outdoor, indoor, or confined spaces)

6. Inspection Techniques and Procedures:

- Procedure for performing PT, step-by-step

- Timing considerations for penetration, dwell time, and development

- Identifying and interpreting indications

- Visual inspection methods and limitations

7. Interpretation of Results:

- How to assess indications (size, shape, location)

- Distinguishing between true and false indications

- Evaluating the severity and type of defects

- Accept/reject criteria based on code, standards, or specifications

8. Health, Safety, and Environmental Considerations:

- Safety hazards related to PT (e.g., chemical exposure, surface contamination)

- Proper handling, storage, and disposal of testing materials

- Personal protective equipment (PPE) requirements

- Environmental impact and regulatory compliance

9. Quality Control and Record Keeping:

- Importance of accurate documentation in PT inspections

- Keeping records of test results and maintenance of equipment

- Ensuring repeatability and consistency in testing methods

- Auditing and certification procedures for PT processes

10. Equipment and Calibration:

- Introduction to PT equipment (e.g., UV lamps, spray guns, penetrant applicators)

- Calibration and maintenance of equipment

- Troubleshooting common issues in equipment operation

11. Penetrant Testing Codes, Standards, and Specifications:

- Relevant industry codes (e.g., ASTM, ASME, ISO)

- Understanding the requirements of specific codes in PT

- Differences between codes for aerospace, automotive, oil & gas, etc.

12. Reporting and Documentation:

- Preparing inspection reports

- Including necessary information such as part description, test methods, and results

- Handling customer-specific reporting requirements

13. Level II Responsibilities:

- Supervising and training Level I technicians

- Ensuring compliance with procedures and quality standards

- Handling inspection assignments independently

- Reviewing and interpreting test results